Put in a coin. 94% Sticky Nickel: 5. requirements are donating 999 coins to the greed donation machine. With around 750 coins in the machine, decided to bomb for a couple extra however the machine spit out about 50 coins all over the room and played the hidden door jingle. After Ultra Greed has been defeated, turning him into a golden statue, a Final Boss Chest to end the level and the Greed Donation Machine will spawn. donate all the coins you can (with the d20 break you will get 99 for the end everytime) 4. In order to unlock the Keeper, you must donate 100 coins to the Greed Donation Machine. Razor Blade takes Red Hearts before other heart types. and the effect of Holy Mantle (after donating 879 coins to the Greed Donation Machine) The Lost starts with. Would it explode into a ton of dimes like the regular donation machine? Maybe another message? After getting to 999 again, the keeper starting with Head of the Keeper might be a cool idea. exe process. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation maschine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements. The donation machine can be filled up quickly and easily with tainted Keeper. So let's say your Greed donation machine has a 5% chance of it breaking every time you put a penny in it as Eve. Icedfate. Original Description: Greed mode always felt way too brutal to me. Keeper is a secret character added in The Binding of Isaac: Afterbirth. Each character’s overall donation status is tracked separately across all playthroughs, so each character has a separate jam chance. if you donate when its at 999 it explodes and gives you around 10 dimes or so because it can't go past 999. The scaling speed increases if Everything is Terrible 2!!! has been unlocked by using the Greed Donation Machine. Each character's overall. The Lost starts with flight, spectral tears, D4 (If unlocked). The easiest way to create a broken run in Greed Mode is acquiring the Blank Card with the 2 of Diamonds, buying and using infinite batteries, and looking for the Glowing Hourglass with either a ridiculous build or the Chaos Card. Machines are objects that Isaac can interact with to gain a variety of rewards. After beating Greed or Greedier Mode and their respective bosses, a Donation Machine will fall from the ceiling titled "Greed". On use, damages Isaac for a full heart of health and grants +1. Keep resetting till you see blank card in the shop, then try to get a diamonds card. The author of this thread has indicated that this post answers the original topic. the greed machine jamming is one of my least favorite game mechanics ever. In under an hour, you should have the machine up to 999 (and. Shopkeepers. GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. Keeper is unlocked by donating 1000 coins to the Greed Donation Machine. I went from around 290 to 999 in about 2 hours using this. The Machine then has a chance to spawn one of its possible rewards. and greediers jam chance is seperate from greeds, basically making everything reset at halfway. -". Enter Ultra Greed fight, use chaos card, donate coins, press space, repeat. You can spawn a greed machine with console and spawn in coins if you want to fill it easily Reply goatfuckersupreme. It appears after Ultra Greed Fight. So I just unlocked The Keeper today while working through my Greed (ier) unlocks, my question is, is there a point to refilling the Greed Donation Machine when I clear with other characters that haven't finished the mode yet, or is it pointless and I can just spend all. The Regular Donation Machine has a 5% chance to jam every single time you put a coin in it, and once it is jammed, it remains jammed for the rest of the run. I keep getting breakfast and im starting to wonder if its even in the game. Achievements/Rewards. Do a first scan with a value equal to the number of coins in the machine. Some speculate that it's related to Money = Power's item ID being 109 in the game. I'm giving an arm and a leg to beat Greed with at least 50 coins. 1" for example says it spawned an entity, but. However, this can be done in greedier mode, removing the. 392 votes, 169 comments. 6 5 Will flip upside-down when Isaac tries to collect it. How does the greed donation machine work? The machine can be jammed, like the Donation Machine, when adding coins. 313K subscribers in the bindingofisaac community. Vote. Keeper is unlocked by donating 1000 coins to the Greed Donation Machine. And it's not easy to have +30 coin by the end of the run, so it's not like we'll be able to broke the game and to have the max donation in 5 run. There absolutely needs to be a change to how the greed donation machine works. The Greed machine and the Donation machine are not related, resetting one shouldn't affect the other. After a while my donation machine's chance of breakage capped out at 20% and I was able to put maximum of 6 coins every run. You need to donate a 1000 coins to the GREED machine in Greed Mode, not the donation machines found in the shop. Keeper starts with 1 Bomb and a. If you can buy cards together with the batteries that works as well and is a bit faster. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . Last edited by Ifrit1332 ; Nov 15, 2015 @ 11:55am. Hey guys here is a follow up video to the Keeper one, I thought some of you may want to know a good way to fill up your own machines, so I made this quick li. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . © Valve Corporation. Not with a seed. You need to donate a 1000 coins to the GREED machine in Greed Mode, not the donation machines found in the shop. Eve starts with two Red Heart containers, Whore of Babylon, and the Dead Bird. Normally console disables the greed donation machine, but if you disable console by the time you get to greed (don't forget to give yourself all the stuff you want before you start going down floors and such) it'll still show up. Currently Testing: If your machine jams, it should now have a fail-safe it should now unjam when you leave and re-enter the room. 2. You really don't need it anymore now because doing it the hourglass way and doing it the "normal" way takes about the same amount of time now, seeing as they updated the Greed donation machine. Just switch it up, don't keep donating with the same character over and over. I think the greed. He is the alternate version of Keeper. Attach Cheat Engine to the issac_ng. If the. The machine accepts all types of coins, from pennies to quarters. Playing on Greedier Mode gives Ultra Greed a second phase where his gold statue form comes to life. And 'cheating' donations lessens your fun? With this mod you can access them like any normal donation machine in every shop without feeling too cheesy (or at least a little less cheesy)! Install: Extract the content of the zip archive and put it into your resources folder. If you want to cheat to unlock things from greed donation machine, just give yourself the items to kill the ultra greed or give yourself debug cheats, if you want money, then give yourself the money items. 2 - Lucky Pennies - Unlocked a new item. This mod includes. The Greed mode donation machine, however, lacks these points. Put in a coin. The greed and greedier machines are the same. I'm just 30 coins away from 999 greed machine donations. The Greed Machine appears after every Ultra Greed fight in Greed Mode or Greedier Mode (DLC +). You'll unlock a character at 1000 coins. 3DS The Lost also starts with D4 (if unlocked). Donate 2 Coins to the Greed Donation Machine: 0. If you want to cheat to unlock things from greed donation machine, just give yourself the items to kill the ultra greed or give yourself debug cheats, if you want money, then give yourself the money items. I decided to test touching the machine with the item (which took over an hour just to find the item in the first place. Unlocks / Achievement Levels. Based on that information I made this program: sample screenshotThis will probably be patched soon to either Lock the floor 1 shop, make the donation machine work like greed, or remove donation machines from floor 1. Try for a blank card and go hard on cards. I question why. This is the process of narrowing down the address of the donation machine itself so you can edit its value. Objects are various environmental or obtainable objects/items that can be interacted within the game. It feels like generally a waste of time. Edit. 2. The Greed Machine is a goal to work towards while playing greed mode, almost like a high score or something. Bumbo and Bum Friend are unable to pick this up; they instead hover over them, attempting to pick. This mod adds an unjammed Donation Machine to the first room of the following floors: - Corpse. Go to the room before Ultra Greed. Greed Machine never spawned after completing Greed mode. Donate 1 coin to the greed machine. Drop the 2 of Diamonds card in a room so it's the only pickup there, use D1, use a 2 of Diamonds card, use money gained to recharge D1, rinse and repeat. A two of diamonds will trivialize greed mode; eventually if you pick up the battery, car battery, and tarot cloth, you can donate a heck ton of coins (if the machine allows you. Not a member of Pastebin yet?. NOTICE: This mod only affects the basement floor of the greedmode. I thought, "Lets start a discussion. Some speculate that it's related to Money = Power's item ID being 109 in the game. 11. I think you're talking about the greed donation machine. The hour glass keeps itself charged as long as you have two charges in it. Try it on a character you haven't used before/much). Gaming. 6 coins. I recently reinstalled the game and had to donate 1k coins to greed again. The greed machine unlocks are the only part of isaac that I ever used/will use cheating to get. Once I get to 999, I never need to donate again, correct? Want to confirm that I can then spend all the coins I want in greed/greedier and actually somewhat enjoy it soon. They cannot be hit by normal attacks, but explosions and certain items will damage them. They may have also been in the first few shop refreshes. Aim for 80 to 100 donated per run, then it'll be doable in not too much. Ifrit1332 Nov 15, 2015 @ 10:20am. An alternate method would be to somehow get D1, a 2 of Diamonds card, and a shop selling a battery. ago. Shopkeepers are present in every Shop and most Secret Rooms, and can also be found in Vaults, Arcades, Bedrooms, and I AM ERROR rooms. Shops still require a coin to enter. The Lost is a secret character. A two of diamonds will trivialize greed mode; eventually if you pick up the battery, car battery, and tarot cloth, you can donate a heck ton of coins (if the machine allows you. Not a glitch, the donation machine lands where you stand. Thanks. When used more than once in the same room, damage taken is lowered to half a heart. Especially if you kept playing the same character over and over again. . This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . Category page. So people at #afterbirth. Now The Lost will start with holy mantles, that will make your runs with The Lost way more easy. This equates to an average of 69 runs of maximum donation to reach 999 coins. - Use D20 as much as possible to make winning easier. The maximum is 20%, and at this percentage the machine will jam every 5 coins on average. An explosion (typically a bomb from Isaac) near the Donation Machine will cause it to randomly drop 2 to 5 coins. 33 - Wooden Nickel - Unlocked a new item. bpickens1 • 5 yr. 8. Unlocks / Achievement Levels. Yeah but in greed mode specifically you should have ended up with 3-4 familiars each floor, so it's a cake walk. comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment. 3. Last edited by Ifrit1332 ; Nov 15, 2015 @ 11:55am. Longer than filling up the normal donation machine. You need to donate 1000 coins to the Greed Donation Machine (Which appears after Killing Greed Mode's Final Boss). If you look under your coins/bombs/keys it should have a percentage chance to jam when the machine appears. - Switch up the characters, the jam chance increases with a char when you donate only with it, each char has their own jam chance (0 initially, - Greed (ier) mode really isn't. Let's say on your next run as…The amount of coins added will persist across both Greed and Greedier runs. Put in a final coin. You get a lot of item unlocks this way at the same time. Description: Edit: The mod Greed Mode Improved includes this feature and more. it's currently sitting at about 250, and no matter what, every run ends the same way; I wind up saving like 80 cents, and the machine breaks after around 15-20. Handy for boss fights in cohesion with Eve's other perks. Thats true for greed but i'm talking about the basic one which appears in shops or some rooms in normal/hard runs. NOTICE: This mod only affects the basement floor of the greedmode. To fill the greed machine easily: 1. Locked doors, key blocks, and Mega Chests still require keys. You get them by donating 1,000 coins to the Greed Machine. I manage to beat Ultra Greed and still have 50 coin. Pure horror and Keeper starting with 10 health would be boring. Hi, so I'm trying to use the debug console to effectively cheat the greed donation machine because I cant be bothered to do it legit, but i have two issues: 1. The result? Infinite 7 cen. Unlocking Greedier mode is the problem in the first place. Donating your electronics is easy and convenient at your local Goodwill Donation Centre. With the donation machine out of the way, you can use all. But if you have already unlocked greedier, the jam chance on greeder is never higher than 1 percent, regardless of the character. 0 . exe. I got one good run with this. Maybe a bit complicated, but better then donating 1000 coins to the Donation Machine: Create a folder in documents>MyGames>Afterbirth+ Mods and name it whatever you want. I guess you probably already have that one though. . Donating to greed donation machine gives multiple unlocks, most notably: Everything is Terrible 2!!!It's been reported that Nov, 20 patch changed the way the greed donation machine works, making this program most likely obsolete for the time being. Already have everything unlocked? You can still invest in a special future run where you can blow it up into a flurry of dimes!When Ultra Greed is defeated, a donation machine appears. #1. Bumbo and Bum Friend are unable to pick this up; they instead hover over them, attempting to pick. If not, try to unlock her through Azazel's greed mode. it's currently sitting at about 250, and no matter what, every run ends the same way; I wind up saving like 80 cents, and the. Donate 2 Coins to the Greed Donation Machine: 0. Insert your coins: Simply drop your spare change into the donation machine. Objects. RNG should have you at full greed machine in anywhere from 1 to 5 days. - Greed donation machines can sometimes appear in shops and very rarely in secret rooms. 84. Go into Ultra Greed's room. you really dont need to replay characters, youll fill it over the course of your completion marks. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . And you should fill it in greedier since the jam chance drops from 20% to 1%. With the respawning batteries in the shop you can get all the items you want and go down to greed with 99 cents plus some charges. THE DONATION MACHINE WINS?! - The Binding Of Isaac: Afterbirth+ #1165BECOME A MOSH PIT MVP! revealed! -- Watch live at seems clear to me that not everybody is happy with how the greed machine works, due to the necessary requirement of 999 coins. --PhantM77 (talk) 22:37, 10 April 2021. Seems like an easy way to fill greed donation machine too, collect/multiply/ donate coins in regular run, blow up machine for 1000, profit Reply more replies. I've already filled it up once, and knocked out the post-its for keeper, but I'm curious if something special happens when you fill it up twice. Donating to Greed Machine after unlocking Keeper Is it worth it? I'm on 600 now (1600), so I wonder what reward will I get I'll go for it anyway, just wondering if someone has already donated 2k coins Last edited by Extracowboy; Mar 30, 2017 @ 7:15am < > Showing 1-2 of 2 commentsMeanwhile, with the greed machine at 942, Judas obliterates Ultra Greed with the most broken combination I've ever had (Ludovico, Polyphemus, Lump of Coal, Cricket's Head, and a ton of tears up), 59 coins, finally going to put an end to the hunt for Keeper. And get 5 coins in two runs all the same xD. After which you press first scan. Leo Nov 8, 2015 @ 2:39am. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation maschine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements. Like the shop donation machine from Rebirth, reaching donation milestones unlocks new items and game features for future runs. Keeper is one of the most annoying characters to unlock. The Greed DM is its own machine anyway, so why make it jam at all? It's so hard to get down there with twenty coins to begin with (unless you go for a broken strat), and even with only 20 coins that'd take. Each character has their own independent chance of jamming the machine and it keeps raising the more you donate, up to 20% chance each coin in greed mode, or 1% in greedier. If you've unlocked greedier mode, bone hearta, and tainted Cain then you can fill the rest. The more you donate with a specific character, the higher the percentage goes for that character. (Congrats you created a mod) Go into a fresh savefile and open the Debug Console by pressing ~ or ö . Nov 16, 2015 @ 12:46am. The binding of isaac wiki might give you a better explanation on how exactly the D20-gamebreak works in greed/greedier mode, but i tried to consise it as good as possible. And as another user mentioned, there's a separate "Greed Donation Machine" which spawns at the end of Greed(ier). Isaac is given the chance to donate his remaining money to the. Despite this, you will need to grind a lot of different runs of greedier and greed in order to unlock this character. ♥♥♥♥ this achievement. -". 2. Use 0 - The Fool card, re-enter the Boss Room, Greed will be dead but the machine will still be there, donate to the machine until it breaks. all bag of crafting recipes:yes, Azazel against Ultra Greed is one of the harder fights in my opinion. Yes, it should. List of unlocks from the Greed Machine: 1 Coin: Lucky Pennies;The optimal method for getting the greed machine filled is to use every character you can because it keeps the jam percentage low (it's on a character by character basis). Current Known Issues: Donation speed resets periodically (when it would normally jam) Donation machine moves slightly when resetting. Since the greed mode item pool is different from the regular pool, you don't have to worry about players breaking the game and donating 999 on one run, as they've removed the items like the IV bag that allow infinite money. Fun times fuck greed mode. This means you can repeatedly use an OP character like Lilith on player 2. then you can change the value to 998. If you donate 439 coins to the Greed Donation Machine, you'll begin with the Razor Blade reusable item. 2014. 94% Sticky Nickel: 5. The only barrier is do it all yourself. It has been suggested that changing characters each run lowers the chance of a jam, so rotate characters often if you want to fill that machine to 999. Slot Machines appear naturally in Arcades, Secret Rooms, and other room layouts, and can be summoned using the X - Wheel of Fortune tarot card. In fact, the minimum number of runs required to max it out. . Oct 19 @ 6:22am. The Lost starts with this item after donating 879 coins to the Greed Donation Machine. Horror. Throw the Chaos Card at him as soon as he lands. Speed-Dial. Greed donation machine display percentage. MDBz Tv. 6 5 Will flip upside-down when Isaac tries to collect it. As per BoI: Rebirth Wikipedia - "The Donation Machine can be bombed, causing it to randomly drop between 2 to 5 coins each time. Every floor is the same, a central double room, with a extra large shop to the north, two item rooms to the east, a curse room (that costs a heart to use) to the west, and the locked exit to the south. my way to get 999 coins to greed donation machine and more. The donation machine can be filled up quickly and easily with tainted Keeper. There are ways to very easily reduce the time it takes to get all the coins into the Greed Machine, as normally it takes very long due to the risk of the machine breaking down like normal donation. Greed just got harder! Donate 111 Coins to the Greed Donation Machine: 246 Special Shopkeepers: Unlocked a secret. 4. . Never . The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth. it disables achievements and i have not done a seeded run yet to figure out if the donation machine works, but if anyone is curious to try; C29X PJVT. It's not like the normal Donation Machine didn't jam after donating 1 coin. I have around 350 coins donated to the greed donation machine, and now progress has basically stopped. In addition to regular trinket drop sources, Paper Clip can be obtained as a possible reward from Key Masters. Paper Clip is a trinket. Keeper starts with 1 Bomb and a triple shot similar to The Inner Eye. The name of "Greed mode" suits all you people very well. #1. find a donation machine ( one that allows you to donate more than 20 coins) then save the game by, esc --> exit game( i saved the game a room before where the donation machine was). Cain starts with a key, so he can open the first locked treasure room before doing the basement waves. 14 - Special Hanging Shopkeepers - Unlocked a secret. Upon touching the Donation Machine, Isaac will donate a coin, causing the displayed coin total to increase by one. This was fixed several days after release,. Shop can be opened without using Keys. Current Known Issues: Donation speed resets periodically (when it would normally jam) Donation machine moves slightly when resetting. NOTE: This has since been patched!In this video I had Steam Sale & Piggy Bank, then found a Blood Donation Machine & Blood Bag. Thank! This coin slot shoudln't be able to jam, seriously. Cannot appear in Greed Mode. You put leftover coins from your run in here with a chance for the machine to break. < > Showing 1-4 of 4 comments . (Congrats you created a mod) Go into a fresh savefile and open the Debug Console by pressing ~ or ö . 4. This mod spawns the Donation machine + a dollar in the basement of greedmode and. Pay to Play: Overrides Store Key. It's pretty much only an achievement saying "You did it". NOTICE: This mod only affects the basement floor of the greedmode. There is a 50% chance for the Donation Machine that spawns in the Shop to be replaced by a Shop Restock Machine. you cant, but like, you have 32 characters to fill the machine with as of rep. you cant, but like, you have 32 characters to fill the machine with as of rep. Write the last date you had it serviced on your sewing machine manual. - Coins can sometimes be found outside of completing waves. Created 8 years ago. It gives you the unlock for greed mode too. Created 8 years ago. I have chaos but I don't think I've seen an item from outside the greed mode item pools. Allows Isaac to unlock Locked Chests without using Keys. Always fun, always incredibly strong. So, the three big things to keep in mind about the Greed Donation Machine is that A) the jam chance is on a per-character basis, B) Machine progress is shared between Greed and Greedier modes, and C) each character has their own completion mark and unlock for the modes. If you've been using the same character for greed mode, you need to use a variety. - Switch up the characters, the jam chance increases with a char when you donate only with it, each char has their own jam chance (0 initially, - Greed (ier) mode really isn't. The percentage is the chance that the Greed donation machine jams each time you drop in a coin. Choose isaac-ng. . Popular Discussions View All (2) 15. May contain *SPOILERS*. Try it on a character you haven't used before/much). Defeat Ultra Greed and, after the donation machine has spawned, quit and save the game (Esc -> Exit Game) Click continue and start donating coins to the machine until it jams. All Goodwill Donation Centres accept working and non-working electronics if they can. If you're playing on normal, you're guaranteed to get the highest unlocked shop level. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . Go in with Samson with 70 pennies and 0% break chance (my first time), then donate two pennies and it goes to 1%. 2. Originally posted by Spockus: Originally posted by Hunkthebear: If you can get it, a Blank Card + 2 of Diamonds is very good, Once you hit 55-45 coins use the blank and fill the donation machine until either 50/40 coins remaining or the machine jams. When Holy Mantle's shield is broken, a white cross symbol will briefly appear overlaid on top of Isaac and a smashing sound will play. At least you didn't waste time I guess. Twin-stick shooter Roguelike Shooter game Role-playing video game Gaming. The chance is tied to how much you donated with that character already, so try beating greed with other characters. Grind the Deck till you get Chaos Card. Kill the miniboss, and if you don't have a Chaos Card then start placing glitter bombs everywhere until one of them drops it. The amount of coins added will persist across both Greed and Greedier runs. So it turns out that there's an achievement at 999 coins in the Greed Donation Machine. 2 days ago · Utah County is known for its giving and often is the top donation getter in the lineup of Giving Machines worldwide. When it jams, use the hourglass. Allows Isaac to unlock Locked Chests without using Keys. I don't know the spawn ID of the greed donation machine. This effect also occurs if Ultra Greed is healed by enough Heart Ultra Greed Coins, although only providing a temporary effect. Tip >restart 14< in the console (without > <). Greed Mode is an alternative way to play Issac, in a sort of quick and distilled version of the game. Maybe a bit complicated, but better then donating 1000 coins to the Donation Machine: Create a folder in documents>MyGames>Afterbirth+ Mods and name it whatever you want. Put in a final coin. Despite this, you will need to grind a lot of different runs of greedier and greed in order to unlock this character. This mod spawns the Donation machine + a dollar in the basement of greedmode and. The only thing that changes (besides Greedier's higher difficulty) is the fact that the jam chance is capped at 1% in greedier (while it can reach 20% in "normal" greed mode). Paper Clip is a trinket. That would cause unbalance. sure that's the max amount you can donate (I've done multiple runs with the same results, as well) #2. wckowalski Nov 9, 2015 @ 1:04pm. Kill greed so you can donate, do not donate yet, note the value of the donation machine. BROLY 32 Nov 9, 2015 @ 1:01pm. You go through 60 waves of enemies and bosses, trying to rack up enough coins for the special greed mode unlocks, then you go and beat the torture that is the Ultra Greed boss fight! Yay! Then you donate two or three coins and the machine jams. I don't think there's anything wrong with it. - Greed donation machines can sometimes appear in shops and very rarely in secret rooms. For new chars in normal its 0% for the first 100 coins. you just need to donate 15-16 coins on average. Pro-tip: if you ever find a Glowing Hourglass in a shop, and the shop has a Donation Machine in it, you can instantly completely fill the machine by. Then i would say, break the game somehow (i did it with azazel and rolled until i got a d20, azazel for good early clear. This mod allows you to fill up the Greed Donation machine to 999+1 coins in less than an hour to get the keeper and other achievements . You still need to get to 999 on the regular donation machine to. And it is also very easy to get the key to open the Mega Satan room with either regular or tainted Keeper. Next penny jams the machine. Tainted Keeper starts with 2 coin hearts and 1 Bomb. . At 11% jam chance Event counters will get restored (including Donation Machines, Greed Donation Machines, and Eden's Blessing). Oh, that should help! I've been playing as Cain over and over because of the first. On use, damages Isaac for a full heart of health and grants +1. Find a greed run where you can get blank card on the first floor. Robert_Goulet • 1 yr. What? And it appears there's no way to make that number lower for each character that has donated. Honestly, it's about a thousand times more difficult to donate to the. NOTICE: This mod only affects the basement floor of the greedmode. Since the greed mode item pool is different from the regular pool, you don't have to worry about players breaking the game and donating 999 on one run, as they've removed the items like the IV bag that allow infinite money. You start with one bomb. ago.